如何在卡内基梅隆「发迹」——来自Prof Kosbie给大一新生的入学演讲
Original NN 女码农的小情怀
2017年08月22日 22:12
How to Thrive at CMU in 3 Easy Steps.
卡梅发迹三部曲
I base the talk not on morals, but simply on patterns among the hundreds of CMU students I have taught. I also base this on my own trying freshman experience. I wish someone had given me this talk at the start of my freshman year, though much of this probably needs to be lived to be learned. Even so, on the chance that it may help some of you, I’ll proceed.
我今天的演讲不是基于道德的说教，而是基于我教学生涯从学生身上发现的一些共有模式。
曾经我也是一名大一的学生，多希望那个时候有人能对我说下面这些话。
虽然很多道理都是经历过才懂得，但，说不定，我说的可能会帮到你。
First, to be clear: Beyond my family, nothing inspires me so much as teaching here. You, and the community of CMU students you are now joining, are brilliant, hard-working, ingenious, and you shall change the world. I love being a part of that, if just a small part.
首先我要阐明，除了我的家人，没有什么比在卡梅教书更让我振奋了。
要知道，刚加入的你们，和卡梅已有的学生，都非常聪明，非常努力，极其富有创造力。
毫无疑问，你们将会改变这个世界。
我希望我能参与其中，哪怕只是很小的一部分。
Also, let’s first define 「thriving」. It is not necessarily getting top grades (after all, most of you will not be in the top quartile). 「Thriving」 is working hard, having fun, learning, gaining confidence, and soundly preparing yourself for a successful future.
同时，也让我们来定义一下「发迹」。
它不单单是指最好的学分绩（毕竟，你们中的大多数应该都不会在第一梯队）。
「发迹」是指你努力学习，过的开心，不断进步，获得自信，为你成功的未来打下坚实的基础。
Now, let’s get to it: How to Thrive at CMU
现在我们来讨论，如何在卡梅发迹。
#1: Work Hard!
Our motto is 「my heart is in the work」, and everything we do starts from that premise. You wish to achieve great things, but greatness comes at great cost. There is no shortcut.
#1: 努力工作
我们的校训是，我全部的身心都在工作上。
我们所做的每一件事都应该以此为前提。
想要成就大事，必须要付出最多的努力。
世间本无捷径。
#2: Work smarter, not harder!
So what happens when things go south? Work harder, of course. If 10 hours per day is not enough, try 15, or 20. Next up, all-nighters. But not only doesn’t it help, it’s destructive. I know. I did this myself. The only things that plummeted faster than my grades were my self-esteem and my immune system. Thank heavens for that! I spent a week in a hospital bed. Once recovered, I surveyed the wreckage of my grades and my life, and I was determined to find a better way. Which I did. Of course. Or I wouldn’t be here today, would I?
#2: 事半功倍
事情不尽如人意时候怎么办？
更努力，毫无疑问！
如果每天10小时完不成作业？那就投入15个小时，20个小时。
再不行，通宵达旦！
但你发现事情没有更好，而变得更糟了。
别问为什么我知道。我试过。
直线下降的不仅仅是我的成绩，还有我的自信心和我的免疫系统。
谢天谢地，我终于进了医院，并住了一个星期。
出院后，我重新审视了我悲惨的成绩和残余的人生，决定寻求一条不同的道路。
毫无疑问，我那样做了，否则几天我就不会在这里了。
Sadly, many CMU students go down a similar path. For some, it is because they do not work nearly hard enough. But they are the few. For the rest, it is because they are not working smart enough.
可悲的是，大多数卡梅的学生都经历过这一切。
这其中的一小撮，是因为他们根本就不努力。
而绝大多数，却是因为他们工作的方式不聪明。
So how do you work smarter, not harder?
如果不能更努力，怎么做到更聪明。
· Participate!
You’d be amazed how many students pay over $50k to sleep in. If you are not in class, you lose. And being there is not enough. You have to participate! Do not watch lectures as though they were YouTube videos! Listen, think, absorb, question. Get all you can from them.
参与！
如果你知道有多少学生付了5W刀来睡觉，你会惊呆的。
如果你不来上课，你就已经输在起跑线上了。
但是仅仅是来上课并不够。
你必须要参与其中。
不要仅仅看发在youtube上的课程视频。
来上课，思考，理解，提问题，做你所能做的一切。
（所以Kosbie的课程不许开电脑，不许用手机，不许睡觉，他要求所有的学生放下手中的一切始终注视着他。如果你一不小心睡着了，会有那么一瞬间，你发现偌大的教室突然就安静了，你一阵心慌，从睡梦中醒来，悄悄睁开眼，就会发现Kosbie站在你的面前。真心非常惊悚！）
· Read and Study!
Many students dive into assignments claiming they do not have time to read or study first. Wrong! Reading and studying may take time, but it is the only pathway to deep understanding , which leads to better enjoyment, better grades, and yes, less total time on task. So read and study, if just to
save
time.
读书学习！
很多学生上来就开始做作业，完全不看课程讲义，不消化理解。
他们说他们没空。
Wrong！
也许这个过程会花些时间，但这是你能加深理解的唯一途径。
只有这样，你才能更享受，考出更好的分数，才能花更少的时间来完成作业。
如果你真的想省时间，花时间来读讲义，来消化理解。
（Kosbie的课每周都有测验，这个测验中很多题目都来自于他的课程讲义。是的，有些东西是你需要知道却在上课没讲的，需要自己看讲义来自学。在卡梅时，最大的体会就是老师讲的，书上写的，和作业要完成的成指数增长。）
· Focus!
If you are studying and doing anything else, then you are not studying. And don’t worry about offending your friends with a few tweetless hours. They are also here at CMU, they understand.
集中注意力！
如果你在学习时做别的，那么你就没在学习。
不要担心如果你几个小时不回微信，你的朋友就会不爽你。
要知道他们也在卡梅，他们会理解的。
· Think Critically!
Do not accept truth just because someone said it was so, even if that someone is a CMU professor. I am a CS teacher, so please permit me a 「mathy」 example.
[Example: 1+2+…+100, then 2+4+…+100 first as (1+...+100)/2 then as (1+...+50)*2]
You must pierce the intellectual fog with your critical thinking and discern ideas that seem true from those that are true, to discern truthiness from Truth.
批判式思考
不要别人说什么你就信什么，即使那个人是卡梅的教授也如此。
我是教计算机的，但请允许我举一个数学的例子。
批判的思考可以帮你拨开智慧的迷雾，可以让你从似是而非中分清哪些是真的，而哪些只是看起来是真的。
· Collaborate!
The greatest asset here is the people. Use that resource! Meet with your teachers and tutors as often as you can. And most of all, work with each other. Ask for help when you need it, offer it when you can. Be a community of learners. Not only is it far more effective, it’s also much more fun.
合作
在卡梅最宝贵的资源就是人。别浪费！
尽可能多的见你的老师，你的助教。
你们大多数人都会有机会与别人合作。
当需要帮助时，请求帮助。力所能及时，帮助别人。
结伴学习，更有效率，更开心。
· Manage Your Time!
The biggest challenge for most freshmen is to manage your time according to your own priorities. Easy to say, hard to do. Time is your most precious commodity. Spend it wisely.
管理好时间
大多数新生面临的最大的挑战时如何根据优先级管理好时间。
说起来容易，做起来难。
时间是你最宝贵的东西。合理安排。
· Manage Your Whole Self!
Eat, sleep, exercise, socialize, recreate, and reflect. This is the pathway to
academic
success. Wait, you might ask, am I claiming that regular exercise could be the difference-maker in your academic success here? Yes, I am saying precisely that! And don’t try to justify how you don’t have time, especially for sleep. You don’t have time
not
to tend to your whole self every day.
管理好你自己
吃饭，睡觉，锻炼身体，社交，娱乐，反思。
这是你学业成功的必经之路。
你可能会问，等等，你在说锻炼是决定我学业成功的一个因素？
没错，你没听错。
不要说你没时间，尤其是说没时间睡觉。
你每天都没时间不做好自己。
· Find Your Passion!
The ultimate key to thriving is to find your passion. When you find your passion, effort is no longer work. Of course, there’s no easy way to find it. Just keep looking, and when you do find it, seize it, and pursue it with abandon, because our most successful students are indeed our most passionate ones.
发现你热爱什么
想在卡梅「发迹」，终极秘诀就是知道你爱什么。
知道你热爱什么，努力一说就不复存在了。
当然了，找到这个不容易。
不停的寻找，当你发现了，把握住，不懈的追求。
我们最成功的学生都是那些最有激情知道自己最爱什么的。
· Don’t Cheat!
First some perspective: how many of you knew someone in high school who cheated? [pause] Cheating is epidemic in high schools. But not here. So you have to get used to living in a world where cheating is prohibited, detected, and prosecuted.
不要作弊
你们多少人认得在高中里面作弊的？
在高中作弊就像流行病。
但是在卡梅不是。
你要习惯在一个作弊被严厉禁止监察和惩戒的环境里生存。
Again, this talk is not about morals. It’s simply about efficacy. Cheating does not work. Imagine how awful it must feel to let mom and dad know you’ll be coming home early, and without a diploma, and without a refund. And heaven forbid you somehow manage to cheat your way all the way through here (as unlikely as that is). So now you get a job you are unqualified for. Now what? What a disaster. So don’t cheat! And friends don’t let friends cheat, either.
重申一下，这不是道德的说教。
这仅仅是关于功效。
作弊没用。
试想一下，如果爸妈知道你因为作弊而拿不到学位证书，提前离开学校，多年的努力付诸东流，这有多可怕。
你不能通过作弊而一路走到这下去。
那样最终你会找到一份超过你能力的工作。
你怎么办？生活将会一团糟。
不要作弊。也不要通过作弊来帮助你的朋友。
（关于作弊，卡梅监管极严。你说我写了几千行代码，抄上一小段改改变量名不会被发现的。作为一个写过查重代码的助教，负责人的说千万别冒险。）
Enough of working smarter. Equally important is…
说完聪明的学习。我们来讲。。。
#3: Drink from the CMU Cup！
Do not just applaud CMU’s rich diversity, but live it!
· Playfair, Carnival, Booth, Buggy, the Fence,…
· Intrumurals, juggling, fencing, bagpiping,…
· Read the Tartan. Write for the Tartan.
· Take a stuco. Teach a stuco.
· Engineers, attend a play. Drama majors, see the mobot races. You get the idea.
#3: 充分享用卡梅的资源
卡梅资源丰富，不要远观，要真正享用它们。
新生节，嘉年华，嘉年华展台，Buggy，the Fence（这俩真心不知道怎么翻译）
校内运动团，杂耍，击剑，风笛
从Tartan（类似BBS）上获取信息，投稿给Tartan。
上学生教的课，教一门课（stuco，student course）。
工科生，去演个戏。戏剧生，看一场mobile robots的比赛。
你们知道我什么意思了。
It’s all world- class, and it’s all right here for you.
所有这些都是世界级的，都是你可以享用的。
Besides drinking from the cup, you can also help fill it by volunteering. CMU is brimming with exciting volunteer opportunities. For example, some students were just in Ghana developing systems for water and waste management. Others were in the Honduras, staffing a rural medical clinic. Still others took a city bus to Wilkinsburg, where they planted trees and berries in a new ecological art project. There are countless many more examples, near and far. But in my experience, little motivates our students more than the chance to help others, so find a cause that you care about, and then do something about it, and do it now!
除了享用这些，你也可以志愿服务做贡献。
卡梅到处都是有意思的志愿者机会。
比如，有些学生在加纳研究处理水和废物的系统。
有些学生在洪都拉斯的乡村诊所服务。
还有人坐个公交到Wikinsburg，种树种梅子参与到新的生态项目中。
数不尽的例子，到处都是。
我们的学生乐于助人，这是他们做事的原动力。
所以找到你在乎的事，做点什么，从现在开始。
The bottom line is simple: Don’t just be
at
CMU, …
be
CMU!
最重要的是，不要仅仅待在卡梅，要成为卡梅人！
This week is a blur and this talk is a blip. It will be hard to remember, and that’s ok (though you can find it on my CMU website!). Besides, it’s really obvious, Motherhood and apple pie stuff. But it also just may prove handy somewhere to some of you, since I have described exactly the path that led many CMU students, and also led me in my time, to a productive college career. I wish you the very same!
很快这周就会模糊在你的记忆里，而我这段话也淡化为一个小片段。
你很快会忘记。
不过没关系（你在我的网站上可以找到）。
这些道理都很直白，似老生常谈。
但是这些是我自己和很多卡梅学生实践过的并证明是行之有效的。
我希望你们也一样。
I conclude with quotes from three CMU luminaries:
· Randy Pausch: 「Dream Big. Dream without fear.」
· Judith Resnik ( classical pianist, engineer, astronaut): 「I never play softly.」 Of course, she meant not just on the piano but in all of life.
· Andrew Carnegie: 「Think of yourself as on the threshold of unparalleled success. A whole, clear, glorious life lies before you. Achieve! Achieve!」
让我以三个卡梅杰出人物的话来结束今天的演讲：
兰迪教授：梦想大一点，无所畏惧。
Judith Resnik (钢琴演奏家，工程师，宇航员，第一个犹太裔宇航员，第二个女性宇航员，挑战者号坠毁时遇难，卡梅EE本科): 我从不轻声弹奏。
Andrew Carnegie: 想象你自己已经站在门槛上了，无以伦比的成功，完整清晰辉煌的生活就在你的前方。实现！
With that, again, I welcome you, CMU class of 2016.
最后，欢迎你们，卡梅2016级。
Dream big. Never play softly. And achieve! Achieve!
终于，了却了一件长久想做的事。我应该第一时间发给Prof Kosbie看看。翻译全凭心情，不当之处请自行理解。英文原文请点击阅读原文。
https:// mp.weixin.qq.com/s? __biz=MjM5NTg4OTAxNQ==&mid=2649800740&idx=1&sn=1ad0f0a2235e2c26ea61c5ea32a3613b&chksm=bef5ca3c8982432a625f111d103374731e91f699f7035199017c05a16e1367883603d49d78ca#rd
