如何在卡內基梅隆「發跡」——來自Prof Kosbie給大一新生的入學演講
Original NN 女碼農的小情懷
2017年08月22日 22:12
How to Thrive at CMU in 3 Easy Steps.
卡梅發跡三部曲
I base the talk not on morals, but simply on patterns among the hundreds of CMU students I have taught. I also base this on my own trying freshman experience. I wish someone had given me this talk at the start of my freshman year, though much of this probably needs to be lived to be learned. Even so, on the chance that it may help some of you, I’ll proceed.
我今天的演講不是基於道德的說教，而是基於我教學生涯從學生身上發現的一些共有模式。
曾經我也是一名大一的學生，多希望那個時候有人能對我說下面這些話。
雖然很多道理都是經歷過才懂得，但，說不定，我說的可能會幫到你。
First, to be clear: Beyond my family, nothing inspires me so much as teaching here. You, and the community of CMU students you are now joining, are brilliant, hard-working, ingenious, and you shall change the world. I love being a part of that, if just a small part.
首先我要闡明，除了我的家人，沒有什麽比在卡梅教書更讓我振奮了。
要知道，剛加入的你們，和卡梅已有的學生，都非常聰明，非常努力，極其富有創造力。
毫無疑問，你們將會改變這個世界。
我希望我能參與其中，哪怕只是很小的一部份。
Also, let’s first define 「thriving」. It is not necessarily getting top grades (after all, most of you will not be in the top quartile). 「Thriving」 is working hard, having fun, learning, gaining confidence, and soundly preparing yourself for a successful future.
同時，也讓我們來定義一下「發跡」。
它不單單是指最好的學分績（畢竟，你們中的大多數應該都不會在第一梯隊）。
「發跡」是指你努力學習，過的開心，不斷進步，獲得自信，為你成功的未來打下堅實的基礎。
Now, let’s get to it: How to Thrive at CMU
現在我們來討論，如何在卡梅發跡。
#1: Work Hard!
Our motto is 「my heart is in the work」, and everything we do starts from that premise. You wish to achieve great things, but greatness comes at great cost. There is no shortcut.
#1: 努力工作
我們的校訓是，我全部的身心都在工作上。
我們所做的每一件事都應該以此為前提。
想要成就大事，必須要付出最多的努力。
世間本無捷徑。
#2: Work smarter, not harder!
So what happens when things go south? Work harder, of course. If 10 hours per day is not enough, try 15, or 20. Next up, all-nighters. But not only doesn’t it help, it’s destructive. I know. I did this myself. The only things that plummeted faster than my grades were my self-esteem and my immune system. Thank heavens for that! I spent a week in a hospital bed. Once recovered, I surveyed the wreckage of my grades and my life, and I was determined to find a better way. Which I did. Of course. Or I wouldn’t be here today, would I?
#2: 事半功倍
事情不盡如人意時候怎麽辦？
更努力，毫無疑問！
如果每天10小時完不成作業？那就投入15個小時，20個小時。
再不行，通宵達旦！
但你發現事情沒有更好，而變得更糟了。
別問為什麽我知道。我試過。
直線下降的不僅僅是我的成績，還有我的自信心和我的免疫系統。
謝天謝地，我終於進了醫院，並住了一個星期。
出院後，我重新審視了我悲慘的成績和殘余的人生，決定尋求一條不同的道路。
毫無疑問，我那樣做了，否則幾天我就不會在這裏了。
Sadly, many CMU students go down a similar path. For some, it is because they do not work nearly hard enough. But they are the few. For the rest, it is because they are not working smart enough.
可悲的是，大多數卡梅的學生都經歷過這一切。
這其中的一小撮，是因為他們根本就不努力。
而絕大多數，卻是因為他們工作的方式不聰明。
So how do you work smarter, not harder?
如果不能更努力，怎麽做到更聰明。
· Participate!
You’d be amazed how many students pay over $50k to sleep in. If you are not in class, you lose. And being there is not enough. You have to participate! Do not watch lectures as though they were YouTube videos! Listen, think, absorb, question. Get all you can from them.
參與！
如果你知道有多少學生付了5W刀來睡覺，你會驚呆的。
如果你不來上課，你就已經輸在起跑線上了。
但是僅僅是來上課並不夠。
你必須要參與其中。
不要僅僅看發在youtube上的課程視訊。
來上課，思考，理解，提問題，做你所能做的一切。
（所以Kosbie的課程不許開電腦，不許用手機，不許睡覺，他要求所有的學生放下手中的一切始終註視著他。如果你一不小心睡著了，會有那麽一瞬間，你發現偌大的教室突然就安靜了，你一陣心慌，從睡夢中醒來，悄悄睜開眼，就會發現Kosbie站在你的面前。真心非常驚悚！）
· Read and Study!
Many students dive into assignments claiming they do not have time to read or study first. Wrong! Reading and studying may take time, but it is the only pathway to deep understanding , which leads to better enjoyment, better grades, and yes, less total time on task. So read and study, if just to
save
time.
讀書學習！
很多學生上來就開始做作業，完全不看課程講義，不消化理解。
他們說他們沒空。
Wrong！
也許這個過程會花些時間，但這是你能加深理解的唯一途徑。
只有這樣，你才能更享受，考出更好的分數，才能花更少的時間來完成作業。
如果你真的想省時間，花時間來讀講義，來消化理解。
（Kosbie的課每周都有測驗，這個測驗中很多題目都來自於他的課程講義。是的，有些東西是你需要知道卻在上課沒講的，需要自己看講義來自學。在卡梅時，最大的體會就是老師講的，書上寫的，和作業要完成的成指數增長。）
· Focus!
If you are studying and doing anything else, then you are not studying. And don’t worry about offending your friends with a few tweetless hours. They are also here at CMU, they understand.
集中註意力！
如果你在學習時做別的，那麽你就沒在學習。
不要擔心如果你幾個小時不回微信，你的朋友就會不爽你。
要知道他們也在卡梅，他們會理解的。
· Think Critically!
Do not accept truth just because someone said it was so, even if that someone is a CMU professor. I am a CS teacher, so please permit me a 「mathy」 example.
[Example: 1+2+…+100, then 2+4+…+100 first as (1+...+100)/2 then as (1+...+50)*2]
You must pierce the intellectual fog with your critical thinking and discern ideas that seem true from those that are true, to discern truthiness from Truth.
批判式思考
不要別人說什麽你就信什麽，即使那個人是卡梅的教授也如此。
我是教電腦的，但請允許我舉一個數學的例子。
批判的思考可以幫你撥開智慧的迷霧，可以讓你從似是而非中分清哪些是真的，而哪些只是看起來是真的。
· Collaborate!
The greatest asset here is the people. Use that resource! Meet with your teachers and tutors as often as you can. And most of all, work with each other. Ask for help when you need it, offer it when you can. Be a community of learners. Not only is it far more effective, it’s also much more fun.
合作
在卡梅最寶貴的資源就是人。別浪費！
盡可能多的見你的老師，你的助教。
你們大多數人都會有機會與別人合作。
當需要幫助時，請求幫助。力所能及時，幫助別人。
結伴學習，更有效率，更開心。
· Manage Your Time!
The biggest challenge for most freshmen is to manage your time according to your own priorities. Easy to say, hard to do. Time is your most precious commodity. Spend it wisely.
管理好時間
大多數新生面臨的最大的挑戰時如何根據優先級管理好時間。
說起來容易，做起來難。
時間是你最寶貴的東西。合理安排。
· Manage Your Whole Self!
Eat, sleep, exercise, socialize, recreate, and reflect. This is the pathway to
academic
success. Wait, you might ask, am I claiming that regular exercise could be the difference-maker in your academic success here? Yes, I am saying precisely that! And don’t try to justify how you don’t have time, especially for sleep. You don’t have time
not
to tend to your whole self every day.
管理好你自己
吃飯，睡覺，鍛煉身體，社交，娛樂，反思。
這是你學業成功的必經之路。
你可能會問，等等，你在說鍛煉是決定我學業成功的一個因素？
沒錯，你沒聽錯。
不要說你沒時間，尤其是說沒時間睡覺。
你每天都沒時間不做好自己。
· Find Your Passion!
The ultimate key to thriving is to find your passion. When you find your passion, effort is no longer work. Of course, there’s no easy way to find it. Just keep looking, and when you do find it, seize it, and pursue it with abandon, because our most successful students are indeed our most passionate ones.
發現你熱愛什麽
想在卡梅「發跡」，終極秘訣就是知道你愛什麽。
知道你熱愛什麽，努力一說就不復存在了。
當然了，找到這個不容易。
不停的尋找，當你發現了，把握住，不懈的追求。
我們最成功的學生都是那些最有激情知道自己最愛什麽的。
· Don’t Cheat!
First some perspective: how many of you knew someone in high school who cheated? [pause] Cheating is epidemic in high schools. But not here. So you have to get used to living in a world where cheating is prohibited, detected, and prosecuted.
不要作弊
你們多少人認得在高中裏面作弊的？
在高中作弊就像流行病。
但是在卡梅不是。
你要習慣在一個作弊被嚴厲禁止監察和懲戒的環境裏生存。
Again, this talk is not about morals. It’s simply about efficacy. Cheating does not work. Imagine how awful it must feel to let mom and dad know you’ll be coming home early, and without a diploma, and without a refund. And heaven forbid you somehow manage to cheat your way all the way through here (as unlikely as that is). So now you get a job you are unqualified for. Now what? What a disaster. So don’t cheat! And friends don’t let friends cheat, either.
重申一下，這不是道德的說教。
這僅僅是關於功效。
作弊沒用。
試想一下，如果爸媽知道你因為作弊而拿不到學位證書，提前離開學校，多年的努力付諸東流，這有多可怕。
你不能透過作弊而一路走到這下去。
那樣最終你會找到一份超過你能力的工作。
你怎麽辦？生活將會一團糟。
不要作弊。也不要透過作弊來幫助你的朋友。
（關於作弊，卡梅監管極嚴。你說我寫了幾千行程式碼，抄上一小段改改變量名不會被發現的。作為一個寫過查重程式碼的助教，負責人的說千萬別冒險。）
Enough of working smarter. Equally important is…
說完聰明的學習。我們來講。。。
#3: Drink from the CMU Cup！
Do not just applaud CMU’s rich diversity, but live it!
· Playfair, Carnival, Booth, Buggy, the Fence,…
· Intrumurals, juggling, fencing, bagpiping,…
· Read the Tartan. Write for the Tartan.
· Take a stuco. Teach a stuco.
· Engineers, attend a play. Drama majors, see the mobot races. You get the idea.
#3: 充分享用卡梅的資源
卡梅資源豐富，不要遠觀，要真正享用它們。
新生節，嘉年華，嘉年華展台，Buggy，the Fence（這倆真心不知道怎麽轉譯）
校內運動團，雜耍，擊劍，風笛
從Tartan（類似BBS）上獲取資訊，投稿給Tartan。
上學生教的課，教一門課（stuco，student course）。
工科生，去演個戲。戲劇生，看一場mobile robots的比賽。
你們知道我什麽意思了。
It’s all world- class, and it’s all right here for you.
所有這些都是世界級的，都是你可以享用的。
Besides drinking from the cup, you can also help fill it by volunteering. CMU is brimming with exciting volunteer opportunities. For example, some students were just in Ghana developing systems for water and waste management. Others were in the Honduras, staffing a rural medical clinic. Still others took a city bus to Wilkinsburg, where they planted trees and berries in a new ecological art project. There are countless many more examples, near and far. But in my experience, little motivates our students more than the chance to help others, so find a cause that you care about, and then do something about it, and do it now!
除了享用這些，你也可以誌願服務做貢獻。
卡梅到處都是有意思的誌願者機會。
比如，有些學生在加納研究處理水和廢物的系統。
有些學生在宏都拉斯的鄉村診所服務。
還有人坐個公交到Wikinsburg，種樹種梅子參與到新的生態計畫中。
數不盡的例子，到處都是。
我們的學生樂於助人，這是他們做事的原動力。
所以找到你在乎的事，做點什麽，從現在開始。
The bottom line is simple: Don’t just be
at
CMU, …
be
CMU!
最重要的是，不要僅僅待在卡梅，要成為卡梅人！
This week is a blur and this talk is a blip. It will be hard to remember, and that’s ok (though you can find it on my CMU website!). Besides, it’s really obvious, Motherhood and apple pie stuff. But it also just may prove handy somewhere to some of you, since I have described exactly the path that led many CMU students, and also led me in my time, to a productive college career. I wish you the very same!
很快這周就會模糊在你的記憶裏，而我這段話也淡化為一個小片段。
你很快會忘記。
不過沒關系（你在我的網站上可以找到）。
這些道理都很直白，似老生常談。
但是這些是我自己和很多卡梅學生實踐過的並證明是行之有效的。
我希望你們也一樣。
I conclude with quotes from three CMU luminaries:
· Randy Pausch: 「Dream Big. Dream without fear.」
· Judith Resnik ( classical pianist, engineer, astronaut): 「I never play softly.」 Of course, she meant not just on the piano but in all of life.
· Andrew Carnegie: 「Think of yourself as on the threshold of unparalleled success. A whole, clear, glorious life lies before you. Achieve! Achieve!」
讓我以三個卡梅傑出人物的話來結束今天的演講：
蘭迪教授：夢想大一點，無所畏懼。
Judith Resnik (鋼琴演奏家，工程師，太空人，第一個猶太裔太空人，第二個女性太空人，挑戰者號墜毀時遇難，卡梅EE本科): 我從不輕聲彈奏。
Andrew Carnegie: 想象你自己已經站在門檻上了，無以倫比的成功，完整清晰輝煌的生活就在你的前方。實作！
With that, again, I welcome you, CMU class of 2016.
最後，歡迎你們，卡梅2016級。
Dream big. Never play softly. And achieve! Achieve!
終於，了卻了一件長久想做的事。我應該第一時間發給Prof Kosbie看看。轉譯全憑心情，不當之處請自行理解。英文原文請點選閱讀原文。
https:// mp.weixin.qq.com/s? __biz=MjM5NTg4OTAxNQ==&mid=2649800740&idx=1&sn=1ad0f0a2235e2c26ea61c5ea32a3613b&chksm=bef5ca3c8982432a625f111d103374731e91f699f7035199017c05a16e1367883603d49d78ca#rd
