今年是中美建交45周年。45年來,中美關系歷經風雨,總體向前發展;未來,中美關系何去何從,不僅兩國人民關心,國際社會也高度關註。歷史昭示我們,中美合則兩利、鬥則俱傷。一個穩定、健康、永續發展的中美關系符合兩國共同利益和國際社會期待。
【中國3分鐘】工作室推出重磅策劃 【中美正確相處之道是什麽?】 ,圍繞中美經貿、科技、全球治理等領域的十余個關鍵性問題和熱點議題展開評論,深入闡述中美如何在新時期走出一條正確相處之道,造福兩國,惠及世界 。
中美雙邊貿易中國占便宜?
Is China taking advantage of China-U.S. trade?
孫婉露
中國網評論員
中美雙邊貿易中國占便宜的刻板印象源於美中貿易逆差。對於美中貿易逆差的數位,美國的統計歷來都有所誇大。其中一個原因是,很多「中國制造」的零部件和技術包含了全球供應鏈的增加值,用最終產品價值誇大美中貿易逆差的作用是不合理的。
The stereotype that China has been taking advantage of the China-U.S. trade stems from the U.S.’s trade deficit with China. But America’s calculation of deficit number has always been exaggerated. Many parts and technology 「made in China」 actually contain added value from the global supply chain; while the U.S. uses the value of the end products as a calculation metric, it becomes a reason for the deficit exaggeration, which is, after all, unreasonable .
近年來,美國發動對中國的貿易戰,然而,貿易戰沒有扭轉美國的貿易逆差形勢,美國得到的,只有更高的通脹壓力和更復雜昂貴的供應鏈體系。美國商務部數據顯示,2023年美國貨物貿易逆差達1.06萬億美元,遠高於對華貿易戰之前的水平 。
In recent years, the U.S. started a trade war with China. However, rather than twisting the trade deficit, the trade war brought higher inflation pressure and led to more complex and costly supply chain systems. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, the U.S. trade deficit in goods in 2023 reached $1.06 trillion, much higher than before the trade war with China.
事實上,透過大量進口源自中國的物美價廉產品,美國在滿足其國內市場需要的同時能夠大幅降低居民消費成本,平抑通貨膨脹。美國財長耶倫也曾在公開場合表示,中國為美國企業提供了龐大市場,支撐了美國70多萬個就業崗位。所以,美國與中國一樣,同是中美貿易的受益者 。
The truth is, by importing China’s quality products at a relatively low price in bulk, the U.S. can meet its domestic demand while cutting the cost of living for its residents, significantly reducing consumer costs and suppressing inflation. U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Yellen also publicly said that China represents a huge market for the U.S., creating more than 700 thousand jobs for the country. To sum up, the U.S. and China are both benefitting from bilateral trade.
本集專家: 鮑 淑君 國家發展改革委國際合作中心研究員
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大/家/都/在/看
中美之間有共同利益嗎? 中美能和平共處嗎? 中國是在挑戰美國嗎? 45年同行,為中美兩國帶來了什麽?中美「脫鉤斷鏈」是可選項嗎?
「人民幣國際化」能等同於「去美元化」嗎?
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